Long division calculator: step by step with remainder

How to do long division: method and written layouts

Long division repeats one loop: find how many times the divisor goes into the current number, subtract the product, then bring down the next digit. It stops at the last digit (remainder) or after the decimals you want, and the check is always dividend = divisor × quotient + remainder.

The loop

1. Take the smallest leading part of the dividend that is at least the divisor.
2. Find how many times the divisor fits: that is one quotient digit.
3. Subtract the product to get a remainder smaller than the divisor.
4. Bring down the next digit and repeat. After the last digit, stop with a remainder, or write the decimal point in the quotient and bring down zeros.

Example: 1,234 ÷ 7

12 ÷ 7 = 1, remainder 12 − 7 = 5; bring down 3: 53 ÷ 7 = 7, remainder 53 − 49 = 4; bring down 4: 44 ÷ 7 = 6, remainder 44 − 42 = 2. The answer is 176 r 2, and 7 × 176 + 2 = 1,234. Carried on past the point: 176.285714…, where 285714 repeats forever.

Three layouts

• Bracket (United Kingdom): divisor on the left, quotient above the dividend, digit by digit.
• Divisor on the right (France): quotient under the divisor, subtractions written with a minus sign.
• Inline (Germany): 1234 : 7 = 176 Rest 2 on one line, products underlined below.

The arithmetic is identical in every layout. Dividends go up to 12 digits (6 decimals) and divisors up to 9 digits; a decimal divisor is first made whole by multiplying both numbers by 10, 100 and so on. Decimal quotients are truncated, not rounded.

Sources and dates: Eduscol, Poser et effectuer des opérations (CM2, 2026); Department for Education, Mathematics Appendix 1 (2013); PIKAS (DZLM), Schriftliche Division (2022) (checked on 29/10/2026)

Frequently Asked Questions

How do you do long division with a remainder?

Write the divisor to the left of the bracket and the dividend under it, then repeat: how many times, multiply, subtract, bring down. For 1,234 ÷ 7 you get 176 r 2, because 7 × 176 + 2 = 1,234. The remainder is always smaller than the divisor.

How do you continue long division past the decimal point?

Once the dividend's digits run out, write the decimal point in the quotient and bring down a 0 at each step. 432 ÷ 15 gives 28 r 12, then 120 ÷ 15 = 8, so the decimal answer is exactly 28.8.

How can you tell if a quotient repeats?

If a remainder comes back, the quotient digits repeat from that point. For 1 ÷ 7 the remainders run 1, 3, 2, 6, 4, 5 and then 1 again, so the quotient is 0.142857142857… with a 6-digit period.

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